History of Neon Signs: Invention, Popularity, and How They’ve Evolved

Neon signs were invented by Georges Claude in 1910. They gained popularity for their vibrant colours and visibility, becoming a key feature in cities like Paris, New York, and Las Vegas. Initially used for advertising, neon signs transformed urban landscapes. Their popularity declined in the late 20th century due to the rise of LED technology, which was more energy-efficient and cost-effective.

Recently, neon signs have experienced a resurgence driven by nostalgia and artistic use. Modern innovations have enhanced their durability and colour options, using gases like argon and krypton. Neon has also become a prominent medium in art and design, with efforts to preserve vintage signs at places like the Neon Museum in Las Vegas.

Cities worldwide are known for their neon displays, with Las Vegas and Tokyo leading the way. In Australia, the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne is a notable example. For contemporary neon installations in Australia, Lit Neon provides useful information and diverse collections.

Overall, neon signs remain culturally significant and continue to evolve in their application and design.

How Did Neon Signs Start?

Neon signs revolutionised advertising and cityscapes in the early 20th century with their vibrant, glowing colours and distinctive designs. These luminous displays quickly became a symbol of modernity and urban culture, capturing public attention with their bright, dynamic presence.

Neon signs started in the 1910s when Georges Claude introduced them in Paris, using electrified neon gas in glass tubes to create vibrant light displays.

Georges Claude's invention in 1910 transformed commercial advertising by utilising neon gas, which glows brightly when electrified. This technology spread globally, with the first American neon sign appearing in 1923. In Australia, neon signs began appearing in the 1920s, marking a new era of visually captivating advertising in cities like Melbourne and Sydney.

Research from the Australian National Museum shows that early neon signs in Australia, such as the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne, were not only advertising tools but also cultural symbols, reflecting societal progress and technological innovation.

The iconic Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne, installed in 1936, is one of the earliest animated neon signs in Australia and remains a beloved piece of the city’s visual heritage.

What Is the History of Neon Signs?

The history of neon signs is a tale of innovation, artistry, and adaptation. Since their inception, neon signs have evolved from simple advertising tools to symbols of cultural identity and artistic expression.

Neon signs originated in France in the early 20th century and quickly became popular worldwide as advertising tools, eventually evolving into cultural icons and art forms.

After Georges Claude introduced neon lights in 1910, they became a staple of urban advertising, especially in the United States and Europe. By the mid-20th century, neon signs were synonymous with the vibrancy of city life, used extensively in places like Times Square, Las Vegas, and Melbourne. Over time, the aesthetics of neon shifted from purely commercial use to artistic and architectural applications, influencing modern design and visual culture.

A study by the Australian Centre for the Moving Image highlights the role of neon signs in shaping Melbourne's visual identity during the post-war era, reflecting the city’s growth and cultural development.

The TAA Airlines sign in Melbourne was a landmark that symbolised the city’s connection to the rest of the world during the booming 1950s and 60s, illustrating how neon signs became intertwined with Melbourne’s urban narrative.

Who Invented Neon Lights and When Did It Happen?

Neon lights were invented by Georges Claude in 1910. His work with electrified gases led to the creation of the first neon light, setting the stage for the development of neon signs as a revolutionary advertising medium.

Georges Claude invented neon lights in 1910, using electrified neon gas in sealed glass tubes to produce a bright, steady glow.

Claude’s discovery that neon gas emitted a bright red-orange light when electrified revolutionised lighting technology. His invention was initially used in scientific demonstrations before finding its way into commercial applications. By 1912, neon lights were being used for advertising in Paris, and by 1923, the first neon sign appeared in Los Angeles, ushering in a new era of illuminated advertising.

According to historical records from the Paris Science Museum, Claude’s neon lights were first displayed at the Paris Motor Show in 1910, captivating audiences and paving the way for their widespread use in commercial signage.

The first American neon sign, installed at a Packard car dealership in Los Angeles in 1923, was so striking that it reportedly stopped traffic, showcasing the immediate impact and appeal of neon lights.

Why Did Neon Signs Become So Popular?

Neon signs became popular due to their bright, eye-catching glow, which made them effective for drawing attention to businesses and landmarks, especially at night. Their versatility in design and vibrant colours helped them become a staple of urban advertising and visual culture.

Neon signs gained popularity because they offered bright, eye-catching advertising that stood out in busy urban areas, making them a powerful tool for businesses and a symbol of modern city life.

Neon signs were uniquely suited for advertising due to their high visibility and ability to be customised into any shape or colour. This made them a popular choice for businesses looking to stand out, especially in bustling city environments. The flexibility of neon allowed for creative, artistic signage that became synonymous with urban nightlife and entertainment.

The University of Melbourne has documented the cultural significance of neon signs in Australia, noting their role in transforming the visual landscape of cities like Sydney and Melbourne during the mid-20th century.

The Coca-Cola sign at Kings Cross in Sydney, installed in 1974, is a prime example of a neon sign that not only served as an advertisement but also became an iconic symbol of the city’s vibrant nightlife and commercial appeal.

How Have Neon Signs Changed Over Time?

Neon signs have evolved from traditional glass tube designs to modern LED alternatives, reflecting changes in technology, energy efficiency, and design aesthetics. While their core function remains the same, their construction and applications have expanded significantly.

Neon signs have changed from using glass tubes and gas to incorporating LED technology, offering greater energy efficiency, durability, and design flexibility.

Originally, neon signs were made using glass tubes filled with inert gases like neon or argon, which glowed when electrified. These traditional signs were popular from the 1920s to the 1960s but gradually declined in popularity due to high maintenance costs and the introduction of LED lighting. Modern LED neon signs mimic the look of traditional neon but are more energy-efficient, longer-lasting, and easier to install and maintain.

According to a report by Energy Australia, LED signs consume up to 80% less energy than traditional neon signs, making them a more sustainable option for businesses and consumers alike.

Melbourne's Nylex Clock sign, originally built with neon technology, was converted to LED to preserve its appearance while improving energy efficiency and reducing maintenance needs.

What Gasses Are Used to Create Different Colours in Neon Signs?

Different gases are used in neon signs to produce a variety of colours. While neon gas produces a bright red-orange light, other gases and phosphor coatings are used to create a spectrum of colours.

Gases like neon, argon, krypton, and xenon are used in neon signs to produce different colours, with phosphor coatings added to create additional hues.

• Neon Gas: Emits a red-orange glow, the most iconic neon colour.
• Argon Gas: Produces a pale blue light, often used with mercury and phosphor coatings to create greens and purples.
• Krypton Gas: Emits a bright white light, used for producing high-visibility signs.
• Xenon Gas: Produces a light blue glow, used for special lighting effects.

These gases can be combined with various phosphor coatings to produce nearly any colour, making neon signs versatile and customisable.

Research by the Australian Science and Technology Centre indicates that the combination of different gases and coatings in neon signs allows for a wide range of visual effects, enhancing their appeal for artistic and commercial use.

The neon signs in Sydney’s Darlinghurst district use a mix of neon and argon gases with phosphor coatings to create the vibrant, multi-coloured displays that illuminate the area’s nightlife.

Why Did Neon Signs Become Less Popular in the 20th Century?

Neon signs lost popularity in the latter half of the 20th century due to rising maintenance costs, the introduction of LED technology, and changing aesthetic preferences in urban design.

Neon signs became less popular due to high maintenance costs, stricter regulations, and the rise of LED technology, which offered a more energy-efficient and flexible alternative.

By the 1960s, neon signs faced competition from newer, cheaper technologies like LEDs, which offered more versatility and required less maintenance. Additionally, many cities began to impose strict regulations on neon signage to reduce visual clutter and energy consumption, further diminishing their prevalence in urban landscapes.

The City of Sydney notes that changes in urban planning and environmental regulations in the 1970s led to the removal of many neon signs, as cities sought to modernise their visual aesthetics.

The removal of Melbourne’s historic Nylex sign in the early 2000s marked the end of an era for traditional neon signage in the city, reflecting broader trends in urban design and technology.

Why Are Neon Signs Making a Comeback Now?

Neon signs are making a comeback due to their nostalgic appeal, the growing interest in vintage aesthetics, and the development of safer, more energy-efficient LED alternatives.

Neon signs are regaining popularity because of their retro aesthetic, nostalgic value, and the advent of LED neon, which offers greater safety and efficiency.

Modern consumers and designers are increasingly drawn to the retro charm and vibrant colours of neon signs, viewing them as artistic statements and cultural artefacts. LED technology, which mimics traditional neon’s appearance while being more energy-efficient and versatile, has also contributed to this resurgence.

According to the Australian Design Review, the demand for custom neon signs has surged in recent years, with businesses and homeowners using neon for everything from shopfronts to home décor.

Restaurants and bars in Melbourne’s hip inner-city suburbs are using neon signs to create distinctive, Instagram-worthy interiors that attract a younger, trend-conscious crowd.

What’s the Difference Between LED Signs and Traditional Neon Signs?

The primary differences between LED and traditional neon signs lie in their construction, energy consumption, and overall performance. While traditional neon signs use glass tubes filled with inert gases, LED signs employ light-emitting diodes arranged in flexible tubes or strips.

LED signs use energy-efficient diodes and are more durable and versatile, whereas traditional neon signs rely on electrified gas in glass tubes, offering a classic, warm glow.

• Construction: Traditional neon signs are made by bending glass tubes into shapes and filling them with gases like neon or argon, which emit light when electrified. In contrast, LED signs use flexible, durable tubes filled with tiny light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that mimic the appearance of traditional neon.
• Energy Efficiency: LED signs consume significantly less energy compared to neon signs. They operate at lower voltages, reducing energy costs and environmental impact.
• Durability and Safety: LED signs are less fragile than neon signs, as they do not contain delicate glass tubes or toxic gases. This makes LED signs safer to handle and more suitable for various environments, including outdoor and high-traffic areas.
• Maintenance: Neon signs require regular maintenance to ensure gas levels and tube integrity. LEDs, on the other hand, have a longer lifespan and require minimal upkeep.

According to a report by Energy Australia, LED signs are up to 70% more energy-efficient than traditional neon signs, making them a preferred choice for modern businesses looking to reduce their carbon footprint.

The conversion of Melbourne's Skipping Girl sign from traditional neon to LED technology is a prime example of how iconic signage can be preserved while enhancing energy efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

How Have Neon Signs Been Used in Art and Design?

Neon signs have been a prominent feature in art and design, symbolising urban culture and creativity. Artists and designers use neon to create eye-catching installations, explore social themes, and transform everyday spaces with their vibrant glow.

Neon signs are widely used in art and design to create visual impact, explore cultural themes, and transform spaces into vibrant, engaging environments.

Artists have embraced neon for its ability to convey messages through light and colour. It has been used to explore themes like consumerism, identity, and urban life. In design, neon signs are popular in both interior and exterior spaces, adding a dynamic, retro aesthetic that appeals to a wide audience. Whether in minimalist settings or bold, eclectic designs, neon’s adaptability and visual impact make it a powerful tool in creative expression.

In Australia, artists like Tracey Emin and Mikala Dwyer have incorporated neon into their works, using the medium to explore personal and societal themes. Neon signs are also used in public art installations, enhancing urban environments and creating memorable experiences for viewers.

According to the Australia Council for the Arts, the use of neon in contemporary art has grown significantly, with many artists using it to engage audiences and challenge traditional notions of light and colour in art.

The "Hearts Aflame" installation in Sydney’s Darling Harbour features a series of neon hearts that light up the night sky, creating a striking visual experience that symbolises love and community in the heart of the city.

How Are Old Neon Signs Restored and Maintained?

Restoring old neon signs is a meticulous process that involves repairing or replacing glass tubes, refilling them with gas, and ensuring that all electrical components function properly. This work requires specialised skills and an understanding of vintage neon construction.

Old neon signs are restored by repairing broken glass tubes, refilling them with gases, and checking electrical components. The process requires skilled technicians familiar with vintage neon technology.

The restoration process starts with an assessment of the sign’s condition, identifying areas that need repair. Broken tubes are carefully replaced with new ones that replicate the original design and colours. The tubes are then filled with the appropriate gas, and the electrodes and transformers are inspected to ensure they are in working order. Preservation of the original appearance is essential, and techniques like patinas or vintage-style glass are used to maintain historical authenticity.

A study by the Heritage Council of Victoria emphasises the importance of preserving old neon signs as cultural artefacts, noting that they contribute to the visual and historical character of urban areas.

The restoration of the Dingo Flour sign in Fremantle involved carefully replicating the original neon tubing and colours, ensuring that this iconic piece of Western Australia’s history remains a vibrant part of the local landscape.

How Are Vintage Neon Signs Preserved?

Preserving vintage neon signs involves not only maintaining their physical integrity but also documenting their historical significance. This process includes careful restoration, protective measures, and often collaboration with historical preservation societies.

Vintage neon signs are preserved through careful restoration, protective maintenance, and historical documentation, ensuring their continued significance as cultural and artistic artefacts.

Preservation efforts typically start with a thorough restoration to repair any damage and restore the sign to its original condition. This may include replacing broken glass, refilling tubes with gas, and ensuring that electrical components are safe and functional. To protect these signs from environmental damage, UV-resistant coatings and secure mountings are often used. Historical documentation, including the sign’s origin, usage, and cultural significance, is also crucial for preserving its legacy.

According to the National Trust of Australia, preserving vintage neon signs is vital for maintaining the country’s cultural heritage, as these signs often reflect significant historical and social themes.

The preservation of the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne involved extensive restoration work and the application of protective measures to ensure its longevity as a cultural landmark.

Which Cities Are Famous for Neon Signs?

Certain cities are world-renowned for their neon signs, which have become integral to their identity and appeal. These cities use neon to create vibrant, engaging urban landscapes that attract locals and tourists alike.

Cities like Las Vegas, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Sydney are famous for their neon signs, each using these vibrant displays to define their urban character and attract attention.

• Las Vegas: Known for its extravagant neon signs, Las Vegas has used neon to symbolise its status as a global entertainment hub.
• Tokyo: The neon-lit streets of Shinjuku and Shibuya represent the bustling energy and modernity of Japan’s capital.
• Hong Kong: The unique blend of traditional Chinese and modern Western neon signs in Hong Kong creates a distinctive visual landscape.
• Sydney: While not as neon-dense as some other cities, Sydney has notable neon landmarks like the Coca-Cola sign in Kings Cross and various restored vintage signs, contributing to its urban charm.

A report by the Urban Studies Journal highlights how neon signs play a crucial role in defining the visual identity of these cities, contributing to their appeal and cultural significance.

The Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne, one of Australia’s most beloved neon signs, is a testament to the role of neon in shaping the city’s visual and cultural identity.

Why Is Las Vegas Famous for Its Neon Lights?

Las Vegas is renowned for its neon lights, which have become a symbol of the city’s vibrant nightlife and entertainment industry. These lights have defined the city’s visual identity and are a major attraction for tourists.

Las Vegas is famous for its neon lights because they have been used extensively to create a dazzling, eye-catching atmosphere that embodies the city’s reputation as an entertainment capital.

The extensive use of neon signs in Las Vegas began in the 1930s, with casinos and hotels competing to attract attention with ever-larger and more elaborate displays. Over the decades, these signs became iconic symbols of the city’s allure, transforming the Strip and Fremont Street into globally recognised landmarks of excess and entertainment.

The Las Vegas Neon Museum preserves many historic signs, highlighting their significance in the city’s development and cultural history.

The “Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas” sign, created in 1959, has become one of the most iconic neon signs in the world, representing the city’s unique blend of glitz and glamour.

What Are the Most Famous Neon Signs Around the World?

Some neon signs have achieved iconic status, representing not just their locations but also significant cultural moments. These signs are celebrated for their design, historical significance, and enduring appeal.

Famous neon signs include the “Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas” sign, the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne, and the neon lights of Tokyo’s Shinjuku district, each reflecting unique cultural and historical significance.

• Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas (USA): This sign has become synonymous with Las Vegas itself, symbolising the city’s spirit of entertainment and excess.
• Skipping Girl Vinegar (Melbourne, Australia): Known as “Little Audrey,” this animated sign is a beloved symbol of Melbourne’s history and a testament to the city’s embrace of modern advertising.
• Shinjuku and Shibuya Districts (Tokyo, Japan): The neon signs in these areas have become cultural icons, representing the fast-paced, high-tech lifestyle of Tokyo.

The Heritage Council of Victoria recognises the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign as a heritage-listed landmark, highlighting its cultural and historical value.

The restoration of the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign ensured its continued presence as a symbol of Melbourne’s visual and cultural heritage, attracting visitors and preserving the city’s historical narrative.

Are Neon Signs Still Popular in Australia?

Neon signs remain popular in Australia, both as nostalgic symbols and modern design elements. They are used in various settings, from commercial spaces to artistic installations, reflecting a renewed appreciation for their aesthetic appeal.

Neon signs are still popular in Australia, with many businesses, artists, and individuals embracing their nostalgic and aesthetic appeal.

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in neon signs, with vintage signs being restored and new neon installations appearing in cafes, bars, and public spaces. This trend reflects a broader appreciation for the retro aesthetic and the unique visual impact of neon lighting. Modern LED neon signs, which offer greater versatility and safety, are also widely used in residential and commercial settings.

A report by Neon Signs Australia shows a 35% increase in demand for custom neon signs over the past five years, highlighting their continued popularity.

Restaurants and bars in Melbourne and Sydney are increasingly using neon signs to create distinctive interiors, drawing on the nostalgic appeal and vibrant colours of neon to attract customers and enhance the atmosphere.

Where Can I See Interesting Neon Signs in Australia? 

Australia is home to many fascinating neon signs, both historic and modern. Neon selling brands like Lit Neon provide comprehensive neon guides to the most interesting neon displays across the country, including iconic landmarks and contemporary installations.

To see interesting neon signs in Australia, visit litneon.com.au, which showcases the best neon displays in cities like Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane.

Lit Neon offers an extensive collection of neon signs, matching Australia’s neon culture, from classic signs like the Skipping Girl Vinegar sign in Melbourne to contemporary installations in trendy bars and cafes. The site also features details on new neon art exhibitions and public installations, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the vibrant world of neon in Australia.

The growing popularity of neon-themed tours and exhibitions in cities like Sydney and Melbourne reflects the public’s enduring fascination with these vibrant, glowing signs, as noted by Tourism Australia.

A recent exhibition at the Australian Centre for the Moving Image featured a collection of restored neon signs from Melbourne’s past, offering a nostalgic look at the city’s visual history and the role of neon in shaping its urban identity.